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Out-of-bounds write in the Bluetooth GATT client: oversized notification and indication values delivered to subscribers

Written by anthropic/claude-haiku-5.5 from the sources below. Verify against them.

6.7MediumCNA
Exploited
No known exploitation
Fix
Fixed in 4.3.2, 4.5.0
Who is exposed
Not reported

Do first: Upgrade to a fixed version: 4.3.2, 4.5.0.

7Pcve.now Index 7 of 100 · methodology v3 · provisional
  • Exploitation0/40No signal
  • Exposure?/25Exposure: unknown (data gap). No advisory context yet
  • Reach?/20Reach: unknown (data gap). No tracked technology or package matched
  • Severity6.7/10CVSS 6.7
  • No patch0/5No signal

What would change the score

  • Would score about 62 if added to CISA KEV
  • Would score about 57 if CISA's SSVC rates exploitation active
  • Would score about 29 if advisories confirm default setups are exposed

CVE-2026-85034 is not in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog. No public exploit code is tracked. It is rated CVSS 6.7 (medium) and affects zephyr; fixed in 4.3.2 and 4.5.0.

Published
Last modified
Published
Not listed in CISA KEV
7/100 · provisional
Fix
Fixed in 4.3.2, 4.5.0
None on Exploit-DB, Metasploit or GitHub
  • Exploitation: none
  • Automatable: no
  • Technical impact: partial

Summary

Zephyr RTOS Bluetooth host stack (GATT client and LE Audio unicast and broadcast assistant components) is affected by an out-of-bounds write that a malicious or spoofed connected peer could trigger by sending an oversized GATT notification or indication. The flaw can corrupt adjacent memory and potentially lead to controlled writes, but only in builds configured with a large ATT MTU.

Read the original description

The Bluetooth host's GATT client passed the value of a received Handle Value Notification, Handle Value Indication or Multiple Handle Value Notification to bt_gatt_subscribe_params::notify callbacks using only the length derived from the received ATT PDU. bt_att_recv() in subsys/bluetooth/host/att.c validates only a minimum PDU length and does not enforce the negotiated ATT MTU, and the fixed ATT L2CAP channel in subsys/bluetooth/host/l2cap.c applies no rx.mtu check either, so the only ceiling was the ACL reassembly buffer CONFIG_BT_BUF_ACL_RX_SIZE. Values longer than the 512-octet maximum attribute length defined by the Bluetooth Core Specification (Vol 3, Part F, Section 3.2.9) could therefore be handed to subscribers that size their buffers to that documented limit. A remote peer that a device has connected and subscribed to — a malicious, spoofed or compromised GATT server within radio range — triggers the flaw by sending a notification or indication whose value exceeds 512 octets on a subscribed handle. In the LE Audio unicast client this reaches a concrete out-of-bounds write: unicast_client_ep_notify() in subsys/bluetooth/audio/bap_unicast_client.c copies the notification into the 512-byte att_buf of struct unicast_client with net_buf_simple_add_mem() and no tailroom check whenever length equals bt_audio_get_max_ntf_size(), i.e. the negotiated ATT MTU minus three. notify_handler() in subsys/bluetooth/audio/bap_broadcast_assistant.c has the same shape. Reaching the overflow requires a build whose ATT MTU exceeds 515 octets (CONFIG_BT_L2CAP_TX_MTU and CONFIG_BT_BUF_ACL_RX_SIZE set for full-length attribute support); the shipped defaults are far smaller. The overflow writes peer-controlled bytes past att_buf directly over the adjacent struct net_buf_simple net_buf — its data, __buf, len and size fields — which the subsequent long-read accumulation then uses as its destination, turning a small linear overflow into a controlled write. net_buf_simple_add() only asserts on insufficient tailroom unless CONFIG_NET_BUF_HARDENING is enabled, and that option is disabled by default, so ordinary production builds perform the copy. Beyond the in-tree LE Audio clients, any application subscriber that sized its receive buffer to the specification's 512-octet limit was exposed to the same overflow. The fix rejects notification, indication and multiple-notification values longer than BT_ATT_MAX_ATTRIBUTE_LEN in call_notify_cb_and_maybe_unsubscribe() in subsys/bluetooth/host/gatt.c before any subscriber callback is invoked, so no subscriber can be handed more than the specified maximum. Remaining tuples of a multiple handle value notification are still delivered and oversized indications are still confirmed.

What to do

  • Upgrade to a fixed version: 4.3.2, 4.5.0.

Timeline

  1. CVE published
  2. First seen by cve.now
  3. CISA SSVC assessment

    Exploitation: none · Automatable: no · Technical impact: partial

  4. Record last updated

Affected versions

  • zephyr

    From 3.4.0 · fixed in 4.3.2; From 4.4.0 · fixed in 4.5.0

Evidence 2

  1. Advisory
  2. Patch

Corrections

None so far.

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FAQ

Questions about CVE-2026-85034

Is CVE-2026-85034 being exploited?

It is not in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, and CISA's SSVC assessment does not mark exploitation as active. That does not mean it has not been attacked: vendors and researchers can report attacks before CISA lists them. No public exploit code is tracked.Source: cve.now feed data

Which versions are affected by CVE-2026-85034?

zephyr: from 3.4.0 before 4.3.2; from 4.4.0 before 4.5.0.Source: cve.now feed data

How do I fix CVE-2026-85034?

Upgrade to a fixed version: 4.3.2, 4.5.0.Source: cve.now feed data