GraphQL-core: Denial of service via quadratic complexity in the OverlappingFieldsCanBeMerged validation rule
- Published
- Last modified
- Where the record stands: published, rejected by its publisher, or superseded by another id.What do these mean? →
- published
- Whether CISA lists it in its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog: proof that attackers are using it.What do these mean? →
- Not listed in CISA KEV
- Fix
- Fixed in 3.2.12, 3.3.0rc1
- Whether working attack code is public (Exploit-DB, Metasploit, Nuclei or GitHub). Public code makes attacks easier.What do these mean? →
- None on Exploit-DB, Metasploit or GitHub
- Exploitation: none
- Automatable: yes
- Technical impact: partial
Summary
GraphQL-core, a Python port of the GraphQL.js reference implementation, is affected by this vulnerability. An unauthenticated remote attacker can send a small, simple GraphQL query that makes the server's validation step consume excessive CPU, tying up worker processes and potentially overwhelming a service that runs several workers.
Summarized by anthropic/claude-haiku-5.5. Verify details against the original sources.
Read the original description
GraphQL-core is a Python port of the GraphQL.js reference implementation. From 3.0.0 until 3.2.12 and 3.3.0rc1, the OverlappingFieldsCanBeMerged rule in specified_rules repeatedly compares fields that share response names and recursively re-compares flattened inline fragments during the validation phase. The prior named-fragment memoization does not cover this path, so nested repeated inline fragments can drive quadratic and worst-case O(n²·m²) CPU work before any resolver or AST-based depth or complexity control runs. An unauthenticated remote attacker can submit a shallow, highly compressible GraphQL query that pins a worker process and can saturate a multi-worker service. This issue is fixed in versions 3.2.12 and 3.3.0rc1.
Timeline
- CVE published
- First seen by cve.now
- CISA SSVC assessment
Exploitation: none · Automatable: yes · Technical impact: partial
- Record last updated
Affected versions
- graphql-python graphql-core
From 3.0.0 · fixed in 3.2.12; From 3.3.0a1 · fixed in 3.3.0rc1
- graphql-corePyPI
From 3.0.0 · fixed in 3.2.12
- graphql-corePyPI
From 3.3.0a1 · fixed in 3.3.0rc1