OS Command Injection in `wrangler pages deploy`

Summary

SummaryA command injection vulnerability (CWE-78) has been found to exist in the `wrangler pages deploy` command. The issue occurs because the `--commit-hash` parameter is passed directly to a shell command without proper validation or sanitization, allowing an attacker with control of `--commit-hash` to execute arbitrary commands on the system running Wrangler. Root causeThe commitHash variable, derived from user input via the --commit-hash CLI argument, is interpolated directly into a shell command using template literals (e.g.,  execSync(`git show -s --format=%B ${commitHash}`)). Shell metacharacters are interpreted by the shell, enabling command execution. ImpactThis vulnerability is generally hard to exploit, as it requires --commit-hash to be attacker controlled. The vulnerability primarily affects CI/CD environments where `wrangler pages deploy` is used in automated pipelines and the --commit-hash parameter is populated from external, potentially untrusted sources. An attacker could exploit this to: • Run any shell command. • Exfiltrate environment variables. • Compromise the CI runner to install backdoors or modify build artifacts. Credits Disclosed responsibly by kny4hacker. Mitigation • Wrangler v4 users are requested to upgrade to Wrangler v4.59.1 or higher. • Wrangler v3 users are requested to upgrade to Wrangler v3.114.17 or higher. • Users on Wrangler v2 (EOL) should upgrade to a supported major version.

Timeline

1. Jan 20, 2026, 10:58 PM UTCCVE published
2. Jan 23, 2026, 6:58 PM UTCCISA SSVC assessment

   Exploitation: none · Automatable: no · Technical impact: total

3. Jan 23, 2026, 9:54 PM UTCRecord last updated

Affected versions

• Wrangler

  From v3.0.0 · through v3.114.16; From v4.0.0 · through v4.59.0

• wranglernpm

  From 2.0.15 · fixed in 3.114.17

• wranglernpm

  From 4.0.0 · fixed in 4.59.1

References 1