Apache Tomcat: RCE due to TOCTOU issue in JSP compilation

Summary

Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability during JSP compilation in Apache Tomcat permits an RCE on case insensitive file systems when the default servlet is enabled for write (non-default configuration). This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.1, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.33, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.97. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: 8.5.0 though 8.5.100. Other, older, EOL versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.2, 10.1.34 or 9.0.98, which fixes the issue.

Timeline

1. Dec 17, 2024, 12:34 PM UTCCVE published
2. Mar 19, 2025, 12:00 AM UTCCISA SSVC assessment

   Exploitation: poc · Automatable: yes · Technical impact: total

3. Nov 3, 2025, 8:45 PM UTCRecord last updated
4. Oct 28, 2026EPSS reached 10%

   FIRST estimates at least a 10% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days

Affected versions

• Apache Software Foundation Apache Tomcat

  From 11.0.0-M1 · through 11.0.1; From 10.1.0-M1 · through 10.1.33; From 9.0.0.M1 · through 9.0.97; From 8.5.0 · through 8.5.100

• org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalinaMaven

  From 11.0.0-M1 · fixed in 11.0.2

• org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalinaMaven

  From 10.1.0-M1 · fixed in 10.1.34

• org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalinaMaven

  From 9.0.0.M1 · fixed in 9.0.98

• org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-coreMaven

  From 11.0.0-M1 · fixed in 11.0.2

• org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-coreMaven

  From 10.1.0-M1 · fixed in 10.1.34

• org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-coreMaven

  From 9.0.0.M1 · fixed in 9.0.98

• org.apache.tomcat:tomcat-catalinaMaven

  From 8.5.0 · through 8.5.100

• org.apache.tomcat.embed:tomcat-embed-coreMaven

  From 8.5.0 · through 8.5.100

References 16